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Essay on Asses the relative importance of factors influencing the rates of glacial erosion | ||
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This is the first 1,000 characters of 727 words (2.91 pages) in the essay titled Asses the relative importance of factors influencing the rates of glacial erosion Asses the relative importance of factors influencing the rates of glacial erosionIce that is stationary or contains little debris has limited erosive power whereas moving ice carrying with it much more moronic material can drastically change the landscape. Although ice lacks the turbulence and velocity of the water in a river, it has the advantage of being able to melt and refreeze in order to overcome obstacles in its path. The first step in glacial erosion is rock failure. Rock failure can occur as the growth of pre-existing cracks or the formation of new cracks. Cracks form at weaknesses with in the rock, these weaknesses can be on the scale of large visible joints down to microscopic cleavage planes. Crack growth may be due to pressure release before glaciation, chemical weathering and volume change or to the expansion of ice when water freezes. When water has infiltrated into cracks it freezes into ice and expands up to 10% in volume. The expansion forces the crack to widen, a process known as freeze thaw weathering. There are two main types of glacial erosion, the first one of which is plucking. As a glacier flows down hill there may be an obstruction which causes a high-pressure zone to form on the up-ice side and a low-pressure zone to form on the down-ice side. If the glacier is at the pressure melting point, basal ice melts in the high-pressure area and the resulting water infiltrates cracks present in the bedrock. Once this water has seeped through... |
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Keywords: Glaciation, freeze thaw weathering, cleavage planes, visible joints, glacial erosion, chemical weathering, rock failure, new cracks, loose debris, rock fragments, glacier flow, pressure zone, volume change, melting point, relative importance, bedrock, turbulence, asses, velocity, obstacles, crack